Brain tumors in children
Wednesday, June 22nd, 2011
Brain tumor is a malignant disease the second most common after childhood leukemia, and this tumor is the most common solid tumor in this age group. Brain tumors can occur at any age, the king, but everyone wants to have a peak incidence age. Metastastik brain tumor in adults is rare but not rare in children.
Epidemiology.
About two-thirds of all intracranial tumors that occur in children aged 2 to 12 years infratentoral (located in the posterior fossa). Adolescents and children under 2 years, tumors occur with equal frequency in the posterior fossa and the area supratentonal.
Pathology and pathogenesis.
There are two main histological types of brain tumors in children, that is, tumor cells and glial tumor derived from primitive neuroectodermal cells. Glial tumors are the most common and consists of different cell types with different projections, including astrositoma, ependimoma and gliobastoma multiforme. Neuroectodermal tumors may arise as a result of a series of primitive undifferentiated cells and prominent throughout the central nervous system (CAS), which includes serebellum (medulloblastoma) of the brain, spinal cord. and pineal gland (pineoblastoma). Some tumors are unique because they come from residual embryonic as kraniofaringioma, derived from Rathke pouch: Dermoid and epidermoid tumors derived from epithelial cells during invagination of neural tube closure, and kordoma, which evolved from the legacy of the embryonic notochord. The pathogenesis of brain tumors is complex, since it only complains about the factors that mcmpengaruhi development. Circumstances arising as a result of impaired development of the nervous system comb has a strong relationship with the tumor SSS. Both types of neurofibromatosis associated with an increased number of certain brain tumors, optic gliomas and astrositoma degrees in NF1 and soft acoustic neuroma and meningioma in NF II. Some patients who receive radiation due to violation of the scalp in childhood growing tumor of the cranial beherapa years later, and sometimes a second brain tumors that develop after radiation therapy of primary brain tumors.

